ISO = 'International Organisation for Standardization' - The ISO 9001:2000 standard (which replaces the previous standard of 1994) concerns quality systems that are assessed by outside auditors, and it applies to many kinds of production and manufacturing organizations, not just software. It covers documentation, design, development, production, testing, installation, servicing, and other processes. The full set of standards consists of: (a)Q9001-2000 - Quality Management Systems: Requirements; (b)Q9000-2000 - Quality Management Systems: Fundamentals and Vocabulary; (c)Q9004-2000 - Quality Management Systems: Guidelines for Performance Improvements. To be ISO 9001 certified, a third-party auditor assesses an organization, and certification is typically good for about 3 years, after which a complete reassessment is required. Note that ISO certification does not necessarily indicate quality products - it indicates only that documented processes are followed. Also see http://www.iso.ch/ for the latest information. In the U.S. the standards can be purchased via the ASQ web site at http://e-standards.asq.org/
Boundary value testing is a technique to find whether the application is accepting the expected range of values and rejecting the values which falls out of range. Ex. A user ID text box has to accept alphabet characters ( a-z ) with length of 4 to 10 characters. BVA is done like this, max value:10 pass; max-1: 9 pass; max+1=11 fail ;min=4 pass;min+1=5 pass;min-1=3 fail; Like wise we check the corner values and come out with a conclusion whether the application is accepting correct range of values. Equivalence testing is normally used to check the type of the object. Ex. A user ID text box has to accept alphabet characters ( a - z ) with length of 4 to 10 characters. In +ve condition we have test the object by giving alphabets. i.e a-z char only, after that we need to check whether the object accepts the value, it will pass. In -ve condition we have to test by giving other than alphabets (a-z) i.e A-Z,0-9,blank etc, it will fail.
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